![]() ![]() The origin of chaturanga has been a puzzle for centuries. The Sanskrit word "chaturanga" means 'four-limbed' or 'four arms', referring to ancient army divisions of infantry, cavalry, elephantry, and chariotry. In particular, there is uncertainty as to the moves of the Gaja (elephant). ![]() Chess historians suppose that the game had similar rules to those of its successor, shatranj. The exact rules of chaturanga are unknown. However, the Bhavishya Purana is known to include modern additions and interpolations, even mentioning British rule of India. According to Stewart Culin, chaturanga was first described in the Hindu text Bhavishya Purana. Archeological remains from 2000-3000 B.C have been found from the city of Lothal (of the Indus Valley civilisation) of pieces on a board that resemble chess. In the 7th century, it was adopted as chatrang ( shatranj) in Sassanid Persia, which in turn was the form of chess brought to late-medieval Europe. Ĭhaturanga is first known from the Gupta Empire in India around the 6th century CE. While there is some uncertainty, the prevailing view among chess historians is that it is the common ancestor of the board games chess (European), xiangqi (Chinese), janggi (Korean), shogi (Japanese), sittuyin (Burmese), makruk (Thai), and modern Indian chess. Chaturanga ( Sanskrit: चतुरङ्ग caturaṅga) is an ancient Indian strategy game. ![]()
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